Medical School: West Virginia School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 1982

Internship: West Virginia University Medical Center, Morgantown, WV, 1983-85.

Fellowship: West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, and West Penn Hospital, Pittsburg, PA, Cardiac Anesthesia

Board Certification: American Board of Anesthesia (recertified, 1997)

Subspecialty Certification: Pain Management: ABA 1998